Lisbon's history is a rich tapestry woven over millennia, making it an ideal city for historical walking tours. Founded by the Phoenicians, it later fell under Roman rule, leaving behind traces of its ancient past. The city flourished during the Moorish occupation from the 8th to the 12th century, which profoundly influenced its architecture, language, and culture, particularly evident in the winding streets of Alfama. In 1147, Afonso Henriques reconquered Lisbon, establishing it as the capital of Portugal. The Age of Discoveries in the 15th and 16th centuries marked Lisbon's golden era, transforming it into a global maritime power, with iconic structures like the Belém Tower and Jerónimos Monastery as enduring testaments. The devastating earthquake of 1755, followed by a tsunami and fires, nearly destroyed the city. However, under the Marquis of Pombal, Lisbon was meticulously rebuilt with a grid-like plan in the Baixa district, showcasing remarkable urban planning. Walking tours offer a unique lens through which to appreciate these layers of history, from ancient ruins to modern resilience.